In this work the problems of mathematical modeling in the humanitarian area are discussed from the position of structuralism, computer science and complex systems research methods. Complex humanitarian processes should be considered simultaneously in three aspects — the «three worlds»: the physical, information and the world of ideas and principles. Ideas embodied in the structures may prove to be an important ordering factor, the «Maxwell’s demon» for complex humanitarian processes, which allows using part of the internal energy of the system. It can be expected that the more complex is the system modeled, the more complex is the structure providing its behavior, and the more important for its understanding is the analysis of the noosphere or the «world of computer science».

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